# Contested concept: wisdom of the crowd

_**What you are reading**: one contested-concept page in Deliberus's deliberation graph. Deliberus maps human reasoning — including claims that are contested, mistaken, or extreme — so that disagreement can be examined precisely. A claim's presence here is not an endorsement: the graph records that someone argued it, how it connects to other reasoning, and how far scrutiny has gotten. The metadata on this page describes the state of that scrutiny, not the truth of the claim._

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- **Contestedness**: criterion
- **Diagnosis**: This masks a disagreement over whether wisdom is a product of 'pure aggregation' (mathematical) or 'structured deliberation' (social/political).
- **Canonical**: `/concept/wisdom of the crowd` (data: `/concept/wisdom of the crowd.json`)

## Senses in use
- **The statistical phenomenon where the average of independent, uninfluenced guesses cancels out random individual errors.** — used in 4 claim(s)
- **The high-accuracy output of teams that share information while actively avoiding premature consensus.** — used in 3 claim(s)
- **A collective decision-making process involving contributions from many that is superior to elite decision-making, specifically positioned between deliberation and aggregation.** — used in 2 claim(s)

## Claims using this term
- [Research from the Good Judgment Project demonstrates that probability estimates from prediction polls have higher accuracy than those from …](/claim/claim_28ea4b03aac4.md) _(sense: The high-accuracy output of teams that share information while actively avoiding premature consensus.)_
- [Research conducted by the Good Judgment Project indicates that teams organized in prediction polls avoid premature consensus [settling on a…](/claim/claim_719874f68076.md) _(sense: The high-accuracy output of teams that share information while actively avoiding premature consensus.)_
- [Teams organized into prediction polls [a specific methodology for gathering forecasts] are capable of avoiding reaching consensus too early…](/claim/claim_759056a2b246.md) _(sense: The high-accuracy output of teams that share information while actively avoiding premature consensus.)_
- [The superior accuracy of crowd averages over individual judgments is primarily caused by the elimination of random 'individual noise' throu…](/claim/claim_7a1c6e106ec7.md) _(sense: The statistical phenomenon where the average of independent, uninfluenced guesses cancels out random individual errors.)_
- [The 'Aristotelian middle way' is defined as a collective decision-making process that sits between deliberative discussion and the statisti…](/claim/claim_a24d943715af.md) _(sense: A collective decision-making process involving contributions from many that is superior to elite decision-making, specifically positioned between deliberation and aggregation.)_
- [The noise-reduction explanation for group wisdom assumes that the judgments of individuals within the crowd are statistically independent o…](/claim/claim_d6a297840756.md) _(sense: The statistical phenomenon where the average of independent, uninfluenced guesses cancels out random individual errors.)_
- [Aristotle uses the analogy of a public dinner with many contributors to support his claim that the collective 'many' can be superior to the…](/claim/claim_e0210a9bcb25.md) _(sense: A collective decision-making process involving contributions from many that is superior to elite decision-making, specifically positioned between deliberation and aggregation.)_
- [The requirement for diversity of opinions and ideologies within a group is a logical consequence of the assumption that individual judgment…](/claim/claim_eb86a1025d62.md) _(sense: The statistical phenomenon where the average of independent, uninfluenced guesses cancels out random individual errors.)_
- [Wisdom-of-the-crowds research routinely attributes the superior accuracy of crowd averages over individual judgments to the statistical eli…](/claim/claim_f9ade26f6307.md) _(sense: The statistical phenomenon where the average of independent, uninfluenced guesses cancels out random individual errors.)_